You buy real estate worth 180 000$ or more
The object of real estate should be kept all 4 years in ownership
Within 3-6 months get a residence permit for 4 years
Must maintain the status of residence permit: you must stay in the country total 14 days within 2 years
Then you can apply for citizenship if:
RESIDENCE PERMIT AND CITIZENSHIP IN BRAZIL
How to obtain residence permit and subsequent citizenship?